Inter vs. Intramolecular bonds
INTRA -- within (inside a particle <- think covalent bonds)
INTER -- between (felt between separate particles)
Notice, the H2O has intramolecular bonds and the Mg does not. The Mg is mixed with water but it is not bonded with intramolecular bonds.
Lewis Dot Covalent - Methods
Method #1:
Method #2:
Method #2:
- Count the total number of electrons.
- Draw a structure with single bonds.
- Starting on the outside start adding dots in pairs so that each element is touching the appropriate number of electrons (H's = 2, all other elements = 8).
COUNT AS YOU GO - remembering your goal from #1 - When you only have 4 electrons left - stop and look to see if you're going to run out. If you're going to run out start adding a double or a triple bonds with your final electrons.
- DOUBLE CHECK -- count to make sure everything is touching the appropriate number. Count to make sure you haven't gone over or below your total number from #1.
- Double check -- if you have multiple places where a double or triple bond could have gone - double check that you picked the right spot. What's the right spot?? IF elements have a choice they prefer to follow the "Step 5" rule. [ # of valence electrons + bonds = 8]. Sometimes atoms don't get a choice, but when they do they prefer a particular arrangement. Ex: Carbon Dioxide prefers a O=C=O instead of a single and triple bond.
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